People of color who are also part of sexual and gender minority groups experience unique challenges due to overlapping forms of discrimination, according to research published on Apr. 3 by Aldo Barrita from Michigan State University's Department of Psychology. The study, featured in American Psychologist, highlights that affirming one's identity can serve as a source of psychological strength rather than just vulnerability.
The research involved a national sample of 418 sexual and gender diverse people of color and examined two key aspects: identity cohesion—the sense that different parts of one's identity fit together meaningfully—and identity-based growth, which refers to gaining deeper self-understanding through experiences with marginalization.
Findings showed both identity cohesion and identity-based growth were associated with higher resilience and lower depressive symptoms. This suggests that individuals who feel their intersecting identities are cohesive may be better protected against adversity. "These findings challenge the tendency in research to focus on risk and harm when examining the experiences of marginalized communities," said Barrita, co-lead author and dean's research associate in the Department of Psychology. "These findings suggest that identity itself can be a source of protection and empowerment. It functions as an active form of resistance against systemic oppression."
While both factors supported resilience, the study also found an unexpected direct association between identity-based growth and higher depressive symptoms.
The results have practical implications for clinicians and community organizations working with sexual and gender diverse people of color. By fostering environments where individuals can explore their identities positively, professionals may help strengthen mental health outcomes for these communities.
"Clinicians and community leaders have the opportunity to help sexual and gender diverse people of color heal from oppression and replace oppressive narratives with liberating narratives of cohesion and growth and build resilience," Barrita said.
