A recent study published in Rheumatology Advances in Practice by Oxford University Press has found that TikTok videos about gout frequently contain misleading or inaccurate information. The research highlights concerns about the quality of health advice shared on the platform, which is widely used for both intentional and unintentional health information seeking.
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by high levels of urate in the blood, leading to crystal deposits in joints. Globally, approximately 41 million people are affected by gout, with around seven million new cases diagnosed each year. Despite established rheumatology guidelines recommending long-term urate-lowering therapy as an effective treatment, many patients continue to experience poor disease control.
The study notes that social media plays a significant role in shaping public perceptions and behaviors regarding health. With 1.2 billion users, TikTok has become especially influential among younger demographics. A survey cited by the researchers found that nearly 70% of women aged 18 to 29 actively search for health information on TikTok, while 92% encounter such content unintentionally.
Researchers analyzed the first two hundred videos returned from a "gout" search on TikTok's discover page as of December 5, 2024. They found that individuals with gout or their family members were most often presenting these videos (27%), followed by health professionals (24%) and other members of the public (23%). The primary purposes included offering health advice (38%), sharing personal experiences (20%), and promoting products (19%).
Diet and lifestyle were mentioned as risk factors for gout in about 45% of the videos studied, with dietary advice being particularly common. Many videos suggested avoiding certain foods like salt, alcohol, and red meat to reduce gout episodes. Additionally, supplements and herbal remedies were frequently promoted as management strategies.
However, only seven videos discussed medication-based treatments for gout—mainly pain relief options such as steroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like colchicine, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Just two videos referenced long-term urate-lowering therapy recommended by medical guidelines.
The researchers observed that much of the content lacked accurate explanations about urate production or other key risk factors beyond diet and lifestyle choices. This focus can create misconceptions about gout being solely a result of personal behavior rather than involving genetic predisposition or kidney function issues.
According to lead author Samuela 'Ofanoa: "TikTok has great potential as a tool to raise awareness around health issues such as gout and promote information that aligns with clinical guidelines. In an increasingly digital world, there is a need for more health professionals and organisations to seize the opportunity that social media platforms present, and create content that can counter misinformation and improve understanding about gout in our communities."
