A study published in Scientific Reports found that young adults who used e-cigarettes were much more likely to be at risk for cognitive impairment compared to non-smokers, according to findings released on Apr. 13.
The research raises concerns about the safety of vaping among young people, especially as e-cigarettes are often viewed as a safer alternative to traditional smoking. The study suggests that nicotine exposure during critical years of brain development may have lasting effects on attention, emotional regulation, and cognitive health.
Researchers conducted a cross-sectional analytical study between August 2023 and July 2024 in Lat Krabang District, Bangkok, Thailand. The study involved 232 participants aged 18-25 years—half were e-cigarette users and half were non-smokers. Participants completed structured questionnaires and validated tests measuring ADHD symptoms, emotional intelligence, and cognitive function using tools such as the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Version 1.1 and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
Results showed that nearly 40% of e-cigarette users screened as at risk for cognitive impairment compared to less than one percent of non-smokers (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that those not planning to quit vaping within a month were six times more likely to experience cognitive impairment than those intending to stop soon. However, no significant differences between groups were found regarding ADHD symptoms or most aspects of emotional intelligence.
The majority of participants began using e-cigarettes during late adolescence due mainly to curiosity or perceived reduced harm; social influences also played a role. Both groups reported generally normal levels of emotional intelligence but lower than expected empathy and decision-making skills.
Researchers caution that these findings do not establish causation because the study was cross-sectional and relied on screening tools rather than diagnostic tests. They recommend further longitudinal studies for clearer understanding but suggest early intervention strategies could help reduce potential risks associated with vaping.
