A new study from the University of Limerick in Ireland has examined the experiences of women living with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), focusing on the role of partners in managing the condition. The research, led by academics from UL's Department of Psychology, reviewed evidence from nearly 2,000 women across 21 countries and is described as the first comprehensive analysis of its kind.
The review, published in Health Psychology Review, analysed 62 qualitative studies to assess how partner involvement influences women's daily management of GDM. The findings indicate that while supportive partners can help women cope with and manage gestational diabetes, not all support is beneficial. The level and type of support offered varies widely between households.
Gestational diabetes is a common pregnancy complication that can affect both mothers and babies and may lead to long-term health concerns. In Ireland, Diabetes Ireland estimates that around 7,000 pregnancies are affected by GDM each year, representing about 12–14% of annual pregnancies.
Lead author Fay O'Donoghue explained: "For many women in Ireland and around the world, the day-to-day reality of gestational diabetes is shaped not only by clinical care but also by what happens at home, including the role of partners."
The study found that effective partner support depends on several factors such as knowledge about GDM, communication within couples, alignment with individual needs, and cultural context. O'Donoghue said: "Our findings highlight the importance of ensuring partners have the right knowledge and understanding of gestational diabetes, so they can provide supportive, collaborative, and individualized help." She added: "Open communication between couples is also essential, allowing partners to understand women's needs and offer the right kind of support."
Cultural expectations were also shown to influence how support was perceived and delivered. The authors recommend that healthcare strategies include more opportunities for education about GDM for both women and their partners. They suggest culturally tailored approaches could help optimise partner involvement.
Future research should explore what factors shape support at home and identify ways to improve care for those affected by gestational diabetes.
Dr Tomás Patrick Griffin, Consultant in Diabetes, Endocrinology and General Internal Medicine at UL Hospitals Group and co-author of the study said that although GDM often resolves after childbirth, there are ongoing risks: "Women who experience it are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later, and their children may face increased risks of overweight and diabetes." He continued: "Our study shows that the support women receive at home can make a real difference in how they manage the condition and cope with the stress it brings." Dr Griffin concluded: "The implications are clear: partner-inclusive education and culturally informed care plans could improve everyday management and reduce the psychological burden of GDM."
