Scientists at The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) have identified a potential new target in the treatment of high-grade serous carcinoma, a particularly aggressive type of ovarian cancer. According to the research team, fewer than half of women diagnosed with this disease survive beyond five years.
The findings, published in Scientific Reports, indicate that Claudin-4—a protein found at increased levels in ovarian cancer—may contribute to the tumor's resistance by enabling it to evade the immune system. The study was led by UTEP postdoctoral researcher Fabian R. Villagomez, Ph.D., and Benjamin G. Bitler, Ph.D., from the University of Colorado Anschutz.
Researchers used animal models with immune systems similar to those of humans to examine tumor growth. They discovered that targeting Claudin-4 improved the immune system’s ability to locate and attack tumors, making them more susceptible to treatment.
Villagomez stated, "Claudin-4 seems to help the tumor deal with these genetic changes, allowing it to survive, hide from the immune system, and avoid cell death."
The team tested a peptide called CMP—which blocks Claudin-4—in combination with a PARP inhibitor drug commonly used for ovarian cancer treatment. The combined approach slowed tumor growth and enhanced the immune response against cancer cells.
Although this therapy has not yet been tested in human patients, Villagomez intends to continue researching ovarian cancer and Claudin-4. He also aims to collaborate with other universities in hopes of eventually bringing this potential treatment option to patients.
