People with diabetes are at higher risk for hearing loss, tinnitus, and other ear and balance issues, according to recent guidance from health organizations. Experts recommend that individuals with diabetes undergo regular hearing tests to detect any changes early.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes compared to those without the condition. People with prediabetes also face a 30% higher risk of hearing loss. The American Academy of Audiology explains that high blood glucose levels can damage the blood vessels and nerve cells in the ear, known as "hair cells." These cells require good circulation, and once damaged or lost, they cannot be repaired, leading to permanent hearing loss.
Regular checkups are advised for those with diabetes. Even if no current hearing issues exist, establishing a baseline can help track changes over time. The CDC recommends annual hearing tests for people living with diabetes.
Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is also reported more frequently among individuals with diabetes. While this connection is less studied than the link between diabetes and hearing loss, it may occur due to unrecognized hearing impairment or other factors associated with the disease.
Diabetes can further impact balance by damaging the vestibular system within the inner ear. This can result in dizziness and an increased risk of falls. Additionally, people with diabetes are more prone to outer ear infections because their earwax tends to be less acidic and their skin more vulnerable to damage.
Managing diabetes remains crucial for protecting overall health, including auditory function. The CDC advises patients to monitor key health indicators: A1C levels (a measure of average blood sugar), blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and smoking status. “Ask your doctor about diabetes education. Medicare pays for 10 hours of this education so you can learn how to control your blood sugar, how to eat right and how to get healthy exercise," says Kathy Dowd, CEO of The Audiology Project.
Early detection of hearing loss is important since symptoms often develop gradually. “Because hearing loss is typically gradual, many people don’t realize the extent of their loss until they’ve been seen by an audiologist,” said Bopanna Ballachanda, Ph.D., president of the American Academy of Audiology.
Patients are encouraged to inform their hearing care provider about their diabetes diagnosis during appointments. Treatment options include hearing aids or cochlear implants depending on severity.
Those interested in exploring treatment options can use provider directories to connect with local specialists who will help find solutions suited to individual needs.
