Changing weather patterns in the United States are leading to longer and earlier fall allergy seasons, according to experts. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that the frost-free season has increased by more than two weeks on average across the country. This extended period of warm weather allows plants like ragweed, a common environmental allergen, to bloom earlier and produce more pollen for a longer time.
“The prolonged warm weather means that plants bloom earlier, stay around longer and produce more pollen, causing sneezing, coughing, itchy and watery eyes and runny noses and triggering asthma attacks and hay fever,” said James Tracy, DO, president of the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
Ragweed typically blooms in late summer through early fall but now remains active for a longer duration due to delayed frosts. As a result, many Americans may experience allergy symptoms well after school resumes in the fall.
The American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) recommends several steps to manage allergy symptoms during this extended season:
First, individuals should monitor daily pollen counts and limit outdoor activities when counts are high—especially in the morning when ragweed pollen peaks. Keeping windows and doors closed can also help prevent pollen from entering homes.
Second, changing clothes after being outdoors is advised to avoid bringing pollen inside. Removing shoes at the door and showering promptly—paying attention to hair where pollen can collect—are recommended practices. Wearing hats, sunglasses, or NIOSH-rated 95 filter masks while doing yard work can further reduce exposure.
Third, starting allergy medications before symptoms begin is encouraged. Both over-the-counter and prescription options should be taken about two weeks ahead of usual symptom onset and continued for two weeks after the first hard frost since symptoms may persist even after airborne pollen declines.
Fourth, immunotherapy through shots or tablets may be considered for those with severe or chronic allergies. This treatment works by gradually desensitizing the immune system to allergens over time.
Finally, consulting with a board-certified allergist is important if symptoms change or worsen. Allergists can offer additional treatment options such as immunotherapy and help develop personalized action plans.
According to ACAAI guidance: “If you’ve never seen an allergist, it may be time to schedule a visit. Board-certified allergists are uniquely qualified to diagnose and treat your allergies and asthma.”
The ACAAI represents over 6,000 allergists-immunologists nationwide who focus on patient care as well as education and research related to allergies and asthma.
