Heart disease remains a significant health concern, with many individuals unaware of their condition until they experience severe symptoms such as heart attacks or strokes. Dr. Stephen Kopecky, a cardiologist at Mayo Clinic, provides insights into improving heart health despite a family history of cardiovascular issues.
Heart disease encompasses various conditions affecting the heart's structure and function. Coronary heart disease is the most prevalent form, often resulting from plaque buildup in the arteries. Other types include heart valve disease, cardiomyopathy, electrical system disorders, and congenital heart disease.
Dr. Kopecky emphasizes that lifestyle factors—such as physical activity, diet, and sleep—are crucial for maintaining heart health. However, genetics and family history also play a role in determining one's risk of developing heart disease.
Research suggests that congenital heart diseases can be inherited within families. Genetic conditions like Down syndrome and certain muscular dystrophies are linked to cardiovascular issues. Moreover, individuals with a family history of coronary artery disease face a higher risk of developing similar conditions.
Understanding one's family medical history is essential but should not overshadow the influence of lifestyle choices on genetic risks. According to Dr. Kopecky, "Genetics account for 20% to 30% of your risk," while positive habits such as regular exercise and healthy eating can significantly alter genetic predispositions.
Dr. Kopecky notes that "certain good lifestyles can ‘turn off’ the bad genes and ‘turn on’ the good genes." He explains that patients with genetically high cholesterol levels who adopt healthy lifestyles early can reduce their risk of heart attacks and strokes.
There is no singular method to prevent heart disease entirely; rather, consistent small changes across various aspects of life contribute significantly to long-term health benefits.
"If you have genetic risk factors," Dr. Kopecky advises, "it’s more important to have a healthy lifestyle." He encourages patients by saying: "You have a new part-time job called ‘your health’."
Starting with manageable strategies is key; even minor adjustments can accumulate over time to protect one's heart health effectively.
For further details on maintaining heart health, resources are available at Mayo Clinic Press and MayoClinic.org.
Mayo Clinic is dedicated to innovation in clinical practice, education, research, and providing compassionate care globally through its nonprofit initiatives.
